STARA fight or flight: a two-wave time-lagged study of challenge and hindrance appraisal of STARA awareness on basic psychological needs and individual competitiveness productivity among hospitality employees

The introduction of smart technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics, and algorithms (STARA) has changed the workforce significantly, with many concerns about its impact on employees. This study elucidates how one’s appraisal this situation would influence basic psychological needs individual competitiveness productivity. Using a two-wave time-lagged study, data collected from 224 hospitality employees was examined using partial least squares method structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results suggested that towards STARA awareness differential outcomes satisfying needs. Among three needs, for relatedness competency were positively related to competitive productivity (ICP). We extend extant studies by incorporating challenge-hindrance framework self-determination theory (SDT) in context future work involving STARA. It advances body knowledge understanding more fundamental issue can bring out best employees, shapes employees’ opinions perspectives they are doing, what should do alongside